Mengutip Glaser dan Strauss (1967)

• [APPLEGATE99] Applegate, Lynda M. 1999. In Search of a New Organizational Model -- Lessons From the Field. In Shaping Organizational Form -- Communication, Connection, and Community (DeSanctis, Gerardine, and Fulk, Janet editor), Sage, - ed., pp. 33-70. [HD30.3 Sha HLMS, ISBN 0-7619-0494-8].
  Keywords: Communications, Organizational Change, Case Study
  MEMO: Key findings regarding the nature of the organizational change initiatives (p. 37).

  As recommended by Eisenhardt (1989), case sites were selected on the basis of the research questions and conceptual framework. This permitted what Glaser and Strauss (1967) call "theoretical sampling" (p. 37).

• [CALLOWAYKNAPP95] Calloway, Linda Jo, and Knapp, Constance A. 1995. Using Grounded Theory in Interpret Intreviews. Pace University, New York, -. [http://csis.pace.edu/~knapp/AIS95.htm].

  According to Glaser and Strauss (1967) theories are either deduced from logical assumptions or generated from obervation.

• [CORREIAWILSON97] Correia, Zita, and Wilson T.D. 1997. Scanning the business environment for information: a grounded theory approach. Information Research 2(4) Paper 21, University of Sheffield, . [http://InformationR.net/ir/2-4/paper21.html].
  Keywords: Grounded Theory

  The main tool used for collecting the core data for this research was the semi-structured interview, a tool flexible enough to favouring adaptation to each context, organization and individual and also to pursing unexpected paths and cues suggested by the theoretical sensitivity (Glaser and Strauss, 1967) developed by the researcher throughout the research process.

• [DEBURCAMCLOUG95] de-Burca, Sean, and McLoughlin, Damien. 1995. The Grounded Theory Alternative in Business Network Research. Dublin City University, Dublin, -. [http://www.dcu.ie/business/research_papers/no4.html].

  Grounded theory is a general methodology for developing theory that is grounded in data systematically gathered and analysed. The methodology was presented initially by Glaser and Strauss in The Discovery of Grounded Theory (1967).

• [GERSICK88] Gersick, Connie J.G. 1988. Time and Transition in Work Teams: Toward a New Model of Group Development. Academy of Management Journal, 31(1), pp. 9-41. [HD28 AMJ HLBP, ISSN 0001-4273]. .
  Keywords: punctuated equilibrium, group development, grounded theory methodology
  MEMO: great unorthodox method

  I began formulating a tentative new model of group development through the method of Grounded Theory (Glaser and Strauss, 1967), identifying similarities and differences across the histories and checking emerging hypotheses against oroginal raw data (p. 12).

• [GILLJOHNSON91] Gill, John, and Johnson, Phil. 1991. Research Methods for Managers. Paul Chapman, pp. 168. [T175.5 Gil CLMS HMMS, ISBN 1-85396-119-1]

  Perhaps the most famous rendition of this view is provided by Glaser and Strauss (1967) in their book The Discovery of Grounded Theory. In this they argue that in contrast to the speculative and apriori nature of deductive theory, theory that inductively develops out of systematic empirical research is more likely to be useful, plausible and accessible (p. 33).
  However, where ethnographers adopt more 'behavioristic' ethnography (Sanday, 1979) they are overtly concerned with the development of 'grounded theory' (Glaser and Strauss, 1967) so as to explain variations in phenomena observed in field (p. 116).

• [GRINTER96A] Grinter, Rabecca Elizabeth. 1996. Understanding Dependencies: A Study of the Coordination Challenges in Software Development. ??, ??, -. [http://www.bell-labs.com/user/beki/thesis.html].
  MEMO: Grounded Theory Methodology

  Grounded theory was originally proposed by Glaser and Strauss in 1967. Glaser and Strauss have written books explaining how to conduct grounded theory studies since then. I followed guidelines proposed by Strauss (1987) and Strauss and Corbin (1990) in this study.

• [HUESER99] Hueser, Nicholas G. 1999. Grounded Theory Research: Not for the Novice. -, -, . [http://www.users.uswest.net/~nhueser/grounded.html].
  MEMO: Grounded Theory Methodology

  Glaser and Strauss (1967) suggest that it is possible to make use of library materials in traingulating field data with observations from other studies.

• [HYNDMCNQIKELA97] Hynd, Cynthia R., McNish, Mary M., Qian, Gaoyin, Keith, Mark, and Lay, Kim. 1997. Learning Counterintuitive Physics Concepts: The Effects of Text and Educational Environment. Curry School of Edication, University of Virginia, Virginia, . [http://curry.edschool.virginia.edu/go/clic/nrrc/phys_r16.html].
  MEMO: Institutions: University of Georgia, Lehman College, Clarke County School District

  The field notes and transcriptions of the video- and audiotapes were analyzed for commonalities to be used in coding while the research was still in progress using the method of constant comparison (Glaser & Strauss, 1967).

• [KINACH96] Kinach, Barbara M. 1996. Grounded Theory as Scientific Method: Haig-Inspired Reflections on Educational Research Methodology. Philosophy of Education Society, Illinois, . [http://www.ed.uiuc.edu/PES/95_docs/kinach.html].
  MEMO: Grounded Theory Methodology

  In The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research Glaser and Strauss (referred to hereafter as GS) contrasted grounded theory with logico-deductive theory to argue that the prevailing emphasis on theory testing neglected the process of theory generation. Another shortfall of social science research in this period was its theory-practice connections.

• [MILHUB94] Miles, Matthew B., and Huberman, A. Michael. 1994. Qualitative Data Analysis. Sage Publications, pp. 339. [fH62 Mil CLMS, ISBN 0-8039-5537-5]
  MEMO: Recommended by [STRAUSS87]!

  The competent researcher holds these conclusion lightly, maitaining openness and skepticism, but the conclusions are still there, inchoate and vague at first, the increasingly explicit and grounded, to use the classic term of Glaser and Strauss (1967) (p. 11).
  A second major point is that such sampling must be "theoretically" driven -- whether the theory is prespecified or emerges as you go, as Glaser and Strauss's (1967) "theoretical sampling" (p. 29).
  We know at least two other useful methods of building codes. First, a more inductive researcher may not want to precode any datum until he or she has collected it, seen how it functions or nests in its context, and determined how many variesties of it there are. This is essentially the "grounded" approach originally advocated by Glaser and Strauss (1967), and it has going for it (p. 58).

• [ORLIKOWSKI93] Orlikowski, Wanda J. 1993. CASE Tools as Organizational Change: Investigating Incremental and Radical Changes in Systems Development. MISQ Archivist, Minnesota, September. [http://www.misq.org/archivist/bestpaper/misq93.html].

  I further extend this generalization by combining the inductive concepts generated by the field study with insights from existing formal theory, in this case, from the innovation literature (a strategy recommended by Glaser and Strauss, 1967).

• [PANDIT96] Pandit, Naresh R. 1996. The Creation of Theory: A Recent Application of the Grounded Theory Method. , -, December. [http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR2-4/pandit.html].

  The third element of grounded theory are propositions which indicate generalised relationships between a category and its concepts and between discrete categories. This third element was originally termed 'hypotheses' by Glaser and Strauss (1967).

• [PICKARD98] Pickard, Alison Jane. 1998. The impact of access to electronic and digital information resources on learning opportunities for young people: a grounded theory approach. Information Research 4(2), University of Sheffield, . [http://InformationR.net/ir/4-2/isic/pickard.html].
  Keywords: Grounded Theory

  Glaser and Strauss (1967) define a grounded theory as being one which will be "readily applicable to and indicated by the data" and "be meaningfully relevant to and be able to explain the behavior under study."(p.3).

• [SHELDON98] Sheldom, Lesley. 1998. Grounded Theory: Issues for research in Nursing. Nursing Standard, -, September 16. [http://www.nursing-standard.co.uk/vol12-52/research.htm].
  Keywords: Grounded Theory

  By "theory" Glaser and Strauss meant: "A strategy for handling data in research, providing modes of conceptualisation for describing and explaining." According to Melia (1982), Glaser and Strauss (1967) described the constant comparative method, whereby the researcher, by comparing incident for incident in the data, establishes categories that explain the data.

• [SIEGEL95] Siegel, Philip H. 1995. A Comment on the Application of Grounded Theory to Accounting Research. HBS - Baylor, -, -. [http://hsb.baylor.edu/html/davisc/abo/reporter/summer95/siegel.htm].

  The grounded theory approach is based on the idea that a group or groups share specific social psychological problems that are not necessarily articulated (Glaser and Strauss 1967).

• [YIN94] Yin, Robert K. 1994. Case Study Research. Sage Pub., 2nd ed., pp. 170. [H62 Yin HLRBR, ISBN 0-8039-5662-2]

  A similar procedure, for exploratory case studies, has been commonly cited as part of a hypothesis-generating process (see Glaser and Strauss, 1967); however, its goal is not to conclude a study but to develop ideas for further study (p. 110).

Referensi:

• [GLASERSTRAUSS67] Glaser, Barney G., and Strauss, Anselm L. 1967. The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. Aldine, pp. 271. [HM48 Gla CLMS, ISBN 0-2977-6318-0]